Apple Index - "Magnum Bonum to Mississippi Pippin"

Description: Fruit medium or below, roundish or roundish oblate; skin mostly covered with light red with indistinct darker red stripes; dots large, numerous, white or russet, many with a darker center. Flesh white, sometimes stained red near the skin, tender, juicy, fine-grained, aromatic, mild subacid. Ripe September in most of the South.

History: Magnum Bonum would be on everyone’s list of the ten greatest southern apples. It is a lovely apple of fine flavor, and the tree is hardy and productive. Southern nurseries long ago recognized its value, calling it “the standard fall apple” and “the king of all fall apples.”  An 1856 North Carolina nursery catalog gives the most information about the origin of Magnum Bonum: “Raised by Mr. John Kinny from a seed of the Hall apple, in Davidson County, North Carolina, in 1828. Named by Dr. Wm. R. Hold of Davidson College.”

Uses: Multipurpose, Does not store very well

Description: Fruit medium, roundish to slightly oblate; skin thin, tough, smooth, pale greenish with a light red or crimson blush, and faint darker red stripes; dots scattered, whitish and russet. Flesh white, fine-grained, moderately juicy, tender, sprightly subacid. Ripe July/August in most of the South.

History: Maiden’s Blush has been popular in the South from the early years of the nineteenth century to the present time. According to Coxe (1817), Maiden’s Blush originated in Burlington, New Jersey, and was named by Samuel Allison, who first brought it to public notice.

Uses: Multipurpose, Does not store well

Description: Fruit medium or slightly below, roundish to slightly oblate; skin yellow, mostly covered with pinkish red with darker crimson stripes; Dots white, large, not numerous; cavity medium, acuminate sometimes with russeting, stem long; basin shallow, medium, with open calyx. Ripe early August.

History: Origin unknown. Found by Tom Brown in Macon County, North Carolina.

Grown by the late Swansie Shepherd near Lansing, North Carolina. The original tree was found in southern Virginia near the grave of a woman named Mary McKinney. The fruit is red striped and good for cooking or fresh eating.  Apples ripen in July.

Uses: Cooking, Fresh Eating

Description: Fruit medium or above, oblate, oblique, and often irregular in shape; skin partly to mostly covered with a light red blush; dots large, irregular, russet, often aerole, with a few larger russet blotches. Flesh whitish, crisp, juicy, briskly subacid. Ripe August.

History: A local apple from Caswell County, North Carolina. Nurseryman David Vernon says it was in an orchard set out by his great-grandfather, George D. Rice (1870-1919).

Description: Fruit medium to large, roundish oblate; skin yellow, mostly covered with dark red stripes when fully ripe; flesh yellow (Ragan says white), juicy, tender, coarse, subacid. Attractive early apple. Mealy flesh lends this apple to use for sauce. Tree vigorous. Ripe late June-August

Uses: Cider, Sauce

Description: Fruit medium or below, roundish to oblate, slightly conical, somewhat irregular; skin tough, mostly covered with a dull purplish or rusty red; dots large, white or russet. Flesh pale yellow, firm when picked, moderately juicy, slightly acid when picked but improving in storage. Tree very susceptible to Fireblight. Ripe September/October or later.

History: Mattamuskeet probably originated as a seedling near Lake Mattamuskeet in Hyde County in extreme eastern North Carolina, a county that averages ten feet above sea level. An old legend says the apple seed was taken from the gizzard of a wild goose by Mattamuskeet Indians.

Uses: Fresh Eating, Apple butter, Stores well

Description: Fruit small, nearly round or sometimes somewhat oblate; skin pale green turning to light yellow when fully ripe, sometimes with a brownish red cheek. Flesh white, tender, juicy, mildly acid, becoming dry and mealy quickly. Ripe end of May through June.

History: To southerners this was the May apple. Because the May apple was the first to ripen, southern children often ate too many, with inevitable stomachaches. Most pomologists consider this to be an ancient European apple probably dating back to the early Middle Ages. The English pomologist Hogg (1884) believed that the apple was named in the Middle Ages for Saint John (called Joannis or Joannet in Latin and Jean in French) because it ripened in Europe on Saint John’s Day, June 24. Thus, the original name was Joanneting, which became distorted over the years to Juneating.

Uses: Cooking, Fresh Eating

Description:  Medium or above, conic; skin pale yellow with large brown dots, often has light russet which makes it rough to the touch; cavity medium, often russeted spilling over the top, lobed, stem short, thick; basin almost narrow, somewhat shallow, also lobed with mostly open calyx.  Ripe August.

History:  Unknown, found by Tom Brown

Uses: Fresh Eating, Cooking, Drying

Description: Fruit large, roundish; skin smooth, thick, greenish yellow with a suggestion of a blush on the sunny side; dots brown or gray, some areole; stem short to medium length in a medium-size, somewhat russeted cavity; calyx open; basin medium; flash greenish yellow, rather coarse, tender, subacid.  Ripe late winter.

History: Originated with R.B. McKinley (1830-1918) of Putnam County, Tennessee.  Was sold by Smith's Nursery in Franklin, Tennessee.  The owner of this nursery described it as follows:  "The apple is very large, light green, becoming rich yellow in winter, of fine flavor, good in August and keeps well all winter, and it cooks well".

Uses: Cooking, Fresh Eating, Stores well

Description: Fruit medium or above, roundish to oblate, oblique, and often irregular; skin partly to mostly covered with a light red blush and some scarf skin; dots large, irregular, russet with a few larger russet blotches. Flesh whitish, crisp, juicy, briskly subacid. Ripe August/September or even later.

History: Grown and prized for many years by the Templeton family of Iredell County, North Carolina. It is different from the Canadian apple of the same name.

Uses: Fresh Eating

Description: Fruit medium, roundish, very conical, often oblique; skin almost covered with red and a few broken stripes; dots small, numerous, white. Flesh yellowish, crisp, juicy, subacid. Ripe September/October.

History: Herbert Childress writes, “James Means had an apple tree in his barnyard which impressed me with its quality even though it was untended and unsprayed.”

Uses: Fresh Eating, Stores well

Description: Fruit small to below medium, skin golden yellow often with considerable russet and can have a slight blush on the sunny side. Dots small, brown, not numerous. Cavity small, sometimes almost closed with short, thick stem. Basin shallow with open calyx. Fruit almost flavorless with a very faint hint of English walnut in the aftertaste. 

History: This apple carries the name of the Melungeons, a group of people once concentrated along the Virginia-Tennessee line, but now mostly in and around Hancock County, Tennessee.  Melungeon Gold was found by Tom Brown in 2006 in northeast Tennessee.

Uses: Cooking

Description: Fruit small to medium, roundish or slightly oblate, conical; skin smooth, dull greenish yellow, mostly covered with light red, overlaid with indistinct stripes, well-colored apples are almost crimson in the sun; dots small to large, numerous, prominent, gray, often areolar with a russet point. Flesh greenish white, tender, crisp, juicy, slightly coarse, subacid. Ripe September/October and keeps well.

History: Thomas Milam or Milum (d. 1785) lived in Madison County, Virginia, at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains, where nearby Milam’s Gap is named for him. A seedling tree grew up in his yard and people came from far and near to graft from “Milam’s” tree. The Milam even achieved some fame in classic American literature. This quotation is taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain: “Here’s a big Milum apple I’ve been saving for you, Tom, if you was ever found again—now go ‘long to school.”

Uses: Fresh Eating, Cider, Stores well

Description: Fruit medium or above, round; skin pale green, often with a faint reddish blush on the sunny side. Ripe September.

History: David Beverage of Buckeye, West Virginia, says his great-great-great grandfather bought the original tree before the Civil War from a tree peddler. His single surviving tree, a graft from the original and over a hundred years old, was found by Dr. L. R. Littleton.

Uses: Fresh Eating